Industrial Control Systems

The term Control System, in its broadest sense, can apply to a very wide range of different systems that operate at different levels within an industrial system. One good way to classify different types of control systems is in terms of functionality:

  • level 0 - emergency shut down system (ESD) - contains all the fail-safe mechanisms for the system
  • level 1 - low level control - direct control of actuators
  • level 2 - supervisory control - co-ordination of several, or plant-wide, low level controllers
  • level 3 - management systems - including resource planning systems and management information systems

These levels have a very different emphasis for each type of control system application. For example simple servo control applications have very little in terms of the upper-most level, whereas a within a Chemical plant the level 0 systems are critical to plant safety, but level 3 systems are the ones that improve the economics of the plant.